Systematic chemical names of inorganic compounds were developed by a group of scientists who were part of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) which first met in 1921. Elements are represented by symbols which are the first, first two, or first and third letters from the name of the element. There are some notable exceptions, where the symbols
appears to have no connection to the name of the element. These symbols are derived from early names for these elements. The table below illustrates some of these. Systematic chemical names of inorganic compounds were developed by a group of scientists
who were part of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) which first met in 1921. Elements are represented by symbols which are the first, first two, or first and third letters from the name of the element. There are some notable exceptions, where the symbols appears to have no connection to the name of the element. These symbols are derived from early names for these elements. The table below illustrates some of these.
Present Name Symbol Former Name
Antimony Sb Stibium
Copper Cu Cuprum
Gold Au Aurum
Iron Fe Ferrum
Lead Pb Plumbum
Potassium K Kalium
Silver Ag Argentum
Sodium Na Natrium
Tin Sn Stanum
Tungsten W Wolfram
The names of inorganic compounds are constructed so that every compound can be named from its formula and each formula has a name unique to that formula. For the purpose of clarity, we will divide the formulas into the following categories:
1) Binary compounds of nonmetals (covalent molecules)
2) Binary compounds of a metal and nonmetal (ionic compounds)
3) Ternary and higher compounds (polyatomic ions and acids)
I. Binary Covalent Compounds: two nonmetals
1. Name first element, preceded by Greek prefix for number of atoms. If one, omit mono.
2. Name the second element, preceded by Greek prefix for number of atoms even if one.
The ending of the second element is -ide.
Greek Prefixes: 1 = mono 2 = di 3 = tri 4 = tetra 5 = penta 6 = hexa 7 = hepta 8= octa 9 = nona 10 = deca
Examples: Formula Name
PCl3 Phosphorous trichloride
SO2 Sulfur dioxide
CO Carbon monoxide
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